Perinatal outcomes of prenatal diagnosis of congenital pulmonary airway malformation: an experience

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the perinatal outcomes of pregnancies with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on information contained in the medical records of pregnant women whose fetuses had been prenatally diagnosed with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation by ultrasonography. RESULTS: Sample analysis was based on 21 singleton pregnancies with confirmed isolated fetal congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations. The mean maternal±standard deviation age was 28±7.7 years. Types I, II, and III congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation were detected in 19% (4/21), 52.4% (11/21), and 28.6% (6/21), respectively. All fetuses presented with unilateral congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (21/21) without associated anomalies, and 52.3% (11/21) were in the right lung. In total, 33.3% (7/21) of fetuses presented a "congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation volume ratio" >1.6 and were managed with maternal betamethasone administration. The mean gestational age at the time of steroid administration was 28.5±0.9 weeks, with a reduction in the lesion dimensions of 9.5% (2/21) (Types I and III of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation). The mean gestational age at delivery was 38.7±2.4 weeks, and a cesarean section was performed in 76.2% (16/21) cases. Postsurgical resection was necessary for 23.8% (5/21) of the patients, and 4.7% (1/21) of them died because of respiratory complications after surgery. Pulmonary hypoplasia occurred in 9.5% (2/21) of the patients, and 4.7% (1/21) of them died because of respiratory insufficiency. The survival rate was 90.5% (19/21), and 57.2% (12/21) remained asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: Despite the isolated prenatal diagnosis of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, which showed good survival, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is associated with significant perinatal morbidity. Maternal betamethasone administration did not significantly reduce fetal lung lesion dimensions.

Syphilis among HIV serodiscordant partners associated with Human Papillomavirus Infection in a bisexual man / Sífilis entre parceiros sorodiscordantes para HIV associada à infecção por papilomavírus humano em um homem bissexual

Introduction: Syphilis and HIV infections are sexually transmitted infections whose diagnosis and treatment contribute toward preventing congenital transmission. Objective: To report a case of three sexually transmitted infections detected in a male partner during Couple Consultation and syphilis in the female partner during prenatal care. Case report: A 34-year-old black female G2P1 pregnant woman was referred to an outpatient clinic of sexually transmitted infections in Vitória, Brazil, reporting a 30-day evolution of painless papular lesions in the external genitalia, suggestive of condylomata lata. Nontreponemal tests were positive for syphilis and negative for HIV. The husband reported unprotected receptive anal intercourse and possessed anal condylomatous lesions and perianal condylomata lata. He was positive for both HIV and syphilis. Histopathological findings showed low-grade HPV lesions and the PCR test found 16, 39, and 53 HPV subtypes. Treatment with benzathine penicillin G was successful for both partners. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need for Couple Consultation during pregnancy to identify and treat possible sexually transmitted infections.

Introdução: As infecções por sífilis e HIV são infecções sexualmente transmissíveis cujo diagnóstico e tratamento contribuem para a prevenção da transmissão congênita. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de três infecções sexualmente transmissíveis detectadas em um parceiro masculino durante a consulta do casal e sífilis na parceira durante o pré-natal. Relato de caso: Uma gestante, negra, G2P1, 34 anos, foi encaminhada a um ambulatório de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em Vitória, Brasil, relatando uma evolução de 30 dias de lesões papulares indolores na genitália externa, sugestivas de condiloma lata. Os testes não treponêmicos foram positivos para sífilis e negativos para HIV. O marido relatou relação sexual anal receptiva desprotegida e possuía lesões condilomatosas anais e condiloma lata perianal. Ele testou positivo tanto para HIV quanto para sífilis. Os achados histopatológicos mostraram lesão de HPV de baixo grau e o teste de PCR encontrou subtipos de HPV 16, 39 e 53. O tratamento com penicilina benzatina G foi bem­sucedido em ambos os parceiros. Conclusão: Este estudo enfatiza a necessidade de consultas de casal durante a gravidez para identificar e tratar possíveis infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.

Giant condylomata acuminata of Buschke-Lowenstein: Surgical method as effective treatment and Imiquimod as adjuvant therapy in an immunocompetent patient / Condiloma acuminado gigante de Buschke-Lowenstein: Método cirúrgico como tratamento eficaz e Imiquimode como terapia adjuvante em uma paciente imunocompetente

Introduction: Giant condylomata acuminata, also known as Buschke-Lowenstein tumor is a rare form of tumor of the anogenital condylomata acuminata, which is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Objective: To report a case of giant condylomata acuminata in an immunocompetent patient. Case report: The patient was referred to the Outpatient Clinic for Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS at a public hospital in the city of Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, reporting the onset of progressive growth verrucous lesions on the external genitalia for four months. The patient underwent surgical ablation, and giant condylomata diagnostic confirmation was obtained through histopathology. She was treated with 5% imiquimod cream in routine applications for eight consecutive weeks to avoid recurrence and was also vaccinated for HPV after the procedure. Conclusion: Surgery excision is the treatment of choice in extensive genital condylomata lesions to exclude malignancy. Imiquimod use as adjuvant therapy for reducing recurrence seems to be adequate.

Introdução: O condiloma acuminado gigante, também conhecido tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein, é uma apresentação rara do condiloma acuminado anogenital, que é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível (IST) causada pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV). Objetivo: Relatar um caso de condiloma acuminado gigante em uma paciente imunocompetente. Relato de caso: A paciente foi encaminhada para o ambulatório de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e AIDS de um hospital público na cidade de Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil, relatando o aparecimento de lesões verrucosas de crescimento progressivo na genitália externa por quatro meses. A paciente foi submetida à exérese cirúrgica e a confirmação diagnóstica de condiloma gigante foi obtida através da histopatologia. Ela foi medicada com imiquimode creme a 5% em aplicações rotineiras por oito semanas consecutivas para evitar recorrências e foi também vacinada contra o HPV após o procedimento. Conclusão: Exérese cirúrgica é o tratamento de escolha em lesões condilomatosas extensas para excluir malignidade. O uso de Imiquimode como terapia adjuvante para redução de recidivas mostrou-se adequado.